弱光胁迫对不同生菜品种的影响及生物菌肥的补偿作用研究

Effects of Low Light Stress on Different Lettuce Cultivars and the Compensatory Role of Biofertilizer

中文关键词: 生菜  弱光胁迫  生物菌肥  形态  品质

英文关键词: lettuce  low light stress  biofertilizer  morphology  quality

中文摘要:

      随着设施栽培的不断扩大和老化，光照强度不足已成为生菜生产的一个重要限制因素。通过对5 个生菜品种进行弱光(遮阴)及弱光+ 生物菌肥补偿处理，测定对照组与不同处理组的形态与品质指标。结果表明，弱光胁迫会显著降低生菜单株重与叶片数，降低L(+)- 抗坏血酸和β- 胡萝卜素，导致品质降低；通过额外施加生物菌肥能够有效缓解弱光胁迫的影响，增加展幅与单株重，回补L(+)- 抗坏血酸、β- 胡萝卜素含量，但需要配套减少氮肥的使用以降低硝酸盐的积累。不同品种生菜对弱光的响应不同，紫叶生菜品系具备更高的抗逆性，结球生菜则更易受胁迫影响。综合评价下‘射手101’兼具了对弱光胁迫的恢复潜力与对生物菌肥的高度敏感性，是利用菌肥缓解弱光胁迫的潜在优良品种。

英文摘要:

      With the continuous expansion of protected cultivation and the aging of facility structures,insufficient light intensity has become a major constraint in lettuce production. In this study, five lettuce cultivars were subjected to low light (shading) and low light plus biofertilizer compensation treatments.Morphological and quality parameters were measured and compared with a control group. The results showed that low light stress significantly reduced single-plant weight and leaf number, decreased the contents of L-ascorbic acid and β-carotene, and consequently led to quality deterioration. Additional application of biofertilizer effectively mitigated the impact of low light stress, increasing canopy width and plant weight, and restoring the levels of L-ascorbic acid and β-carotene. However, a concomitant reduction in nitrogen fertilizer was necessary to prevent nitrate accumulation. Lettuce cultivars exhibited differential responses to low light: purple-leaf cultivars demonstrated higher stress resistance, while heading cultivars were more susceptible. A comprehensive evaluation identified 'Shooter 101' as a promising cultivar, combining considerable resilience to low light stress with high responsiveness to biofertilizer application, making it a potential candidate for biofertilizer use in alleviating low light stress.