高职涉农骨干专业建设困境与优化路径研究——以广西壮族自治区4 所高职院校为例

Research on the Dilemmas and Optimization Paths of Key Agricultural Specialty Construction in Higher Vocational Colleges: A Case Study of Four Higher Vocational Colleges in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

中文关键词: 高职院校  涉农骨干专业  协同育人  “四轮协同”

英文关键词: higher vocational colleges  key agricultural-related majors  collaborative education  "Four-wheel Synergy"

中文摘要:

      高职涉农骨干专业建设是服务乡村振兴与农业升级的关键。以广西壮族自治区4 所高职院校为例，基于协同育人理论构建“目标—过程—资源—治理”四维分析框架，通过对4 所高职院校的问卷调查，发现专业设置与产业需求脱节、教学资源更新滞后、“双师型”教师短缺、评价机制脱离乡村实效等困境。其原因在于多元主体协同机制缺失、农科教转化平台不足、教师评价僵化与治理结构缺陷。为此，针对性地提出“四轮协同”优化路径:构建政、行、企、校协同的专业动态调整机制，深化农科教融合，完善“双师型”教师支持体系，形成乡村振兴导向的质量评价闭环，系统提升涉农人才培养质量。

英文摘要:

      The construction of key agricultural-related specialties in higher vocational colleges is crucial for serving rural revitalization and agricultural upgrading. Using four high vocational colleges in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guangxi as a case study, this paper constructs a "goal-processresource-governance" four-dimensional analytical framework based on the theory of collaborative education. Through questionnaires and interviews at four higher vocational colleges, it identifies challenges including the misalignment between specialty setup and industrial needs, outdated teaching resources, a shortage of "dual-qualified" teachers, and an evaluation mechanism detached from rural realities. These issues stem from the absence of a multi-agent collaboration mechanism, insufficient platforms for integrating agriculture, science, and education, rigid teacher evaluation systems, and flaws in the governance structure. Accordingly, a "Four-wheel Synergy" optimization path is proposed:establishing a dynamic specialty adjustment mechanism involving government, industry, enterprises, and schools; deepening the integration of agriculture, science, and education; improving the support system for "dual-qualified" teachers; and forming a closed-loop quality evaluation system oriented towards rural revitalization, to systematically enhance the quality of agricultural talent cultivation.