文章摘要
农药经营许可到期未注销的法律定性争议研究
Research on Disputes over the Legal Characterization of Pesticide Business Permits That Remain Uncancelled After Expiration
投稿时间:2025-02-24  
DOI:
中文关键词: 农药经营许可  过期许可证  无证经营  注销行为
英文关键词: pesticide licence  expired licence  unlicensed operation  cancellation act
基金项目:
作者单位
蔡善艺 中南民族大学,湖北 武汉 430074 
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中文摘要:
      2022 年,《农药管理条例》再次修订后,农药经营许可制度日益健全,然而,一些深层次的问题也随之浮现。特别是部分经营者在许可证有效期届满后仍继续从事经营活动,这一现象已成为当前农药市场监管中的突出难题。实践中,对于此类行为法律定性的争议较大,主要形成“注销前非无证”与“过期即无证”两种对立观点。经剖析不同情形下注销行为与行政许可效力的关系得出,行政许可效力的丧失并不必然依赖注销程序。同时,许可证过期后的经营行为与无证经营在主观过错、社会危害及法律责任等方面存在差异,因而不宜将两者简单等同。据此,提出构建许可证延续提醒机制与完善注销制度的双轨制解决方案,为实践中妥善处理此类争议提供现实参考。
英文摘要:
      Following the revision of the Regulations on Pesticide Administration in 2022,the licensing system for the pesticide business has become increasingly robust. However, this has coincided with the emergence of certain deep-rooted problems. Notably, some operators persist in conducting business activities after the expiration of their licences, a phenomenon that has become a salient issue in the prevailing pesticide market supervision. The legal characterization of such actions is more controversial, primarily due to the emergence of two opposing views: "cancellation before the non-licensed" and "expired that is not licensed". After analyzing the relationship between the act of cancellation and the validity of the administrative licence in different circumstances, it was concluded that the loss of the validity of the administrative licence did not necessarily depend on the cancellation procedure. Furthermore, it is important to note that the expiry of a licence and the conduct of unlicensed business can result in subjective fault, social harm and legal responsibility. Consequently, it is not appropriate to equate the two situations. Based on this a dual-track solution is proposed, comprising an early warning mechanism for the renewal of licences and an enhanced cancellation procedure, which will provide a practical reference for the proper handling of such disputes in practice.
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