京西林场垂直梯度植物群落多样性调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Plant Community Diversity Along Altitudinal Gradient in the Western Beijing Forest Farm

中文关键词: 京西林场  垂直梯度  重要值  物种多样性

英文关键词: the Western Beijing Forest Farm  altitudinal gradient  important value  species diversity

中文摘要:

      以京西林场3 个林区植物群落为研究对象，采用物种重要值和多样性指数沿5 个海拔梯度对植物群落多样性分布特征进行调查研究。结果表明，1 000 m 梯度的植物种类最丰富，1 600 m 梯度的植物种类最少。1 300~1 600 m 高海拔区域乔木层落叶松重要值最高，灌木层绣线菊重要值最高；400~700 m 低海拔区域乔木层油松、刺槐重要值较高，灌木层荆条、绣线菊重要值较高；草本层物种较丰富，重要值变化较为复杂。物种多样性指标检测结果表明，1 000 m 梯度的各项指数均高于其他梯度，总体来说，草本层的多样性高于灌木层，乔木层最低。针叶树种适合高海拔区域，油松分布的海拔范围最广；阔叶树种分布在1 000 m 以下梯度。灌木层中绣线菊适应性最强，在所有梯度均有分布，荆条次之，分布于1 000 m 及以下梯度。

英文摘要:

      Based on the plant communities in three forest areas of the Western Beijing Forest Farm，the species importance values and species diversity index were used to study the distribution of plant community diversity along five altitudinal gradients.The results indicate that plant species are most abundant at 1 000 m altitudinal gradient, while plant species are least abundant at 1 600 m altitudinal gradient.In the high-altitude area of 1 300~1 600 m, the importance value of larch is the highest in the tree layer, and the importance value of spiraea is the highest in the shrub layer.The importance values of Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia pseudoacacia in the tree layer are relatively high in the low altitude area of 400~700 m, while the importance values of Quercus acutissima and Spiraea in the shrub layer are relatively high.The species in the herbaceous layer are relatively abundant, and the changes in importance values are complex.The results of species diversity index testing showed that the indices of the 1 000 m gradient were higher than those of other gradients. The diversity of the herbaceous layer was higher than that of the shrub layer, and the tree layer was the lowest. Coniferous trees are suitable for high-altitude areas.The altitude range of Pinus tabulaeformis distribution is the widest.Broad-leaved tree species are distributed below an altitude of 1 000 m.Among the shrub layers, the adaptability of Spirogyra is the strongest, distributed in all gradients, followed byV itex , distributed in gradients below 1 000 m.