乡村振兴背景下少数民族聚居村庄法律顾问制度运行研析——以福建省福安市穆云畲族乡为例

Analysis on the Operation of the Legal Advisor System in Ethnic Minority Villages Under the Background of Rural Revitalization: Taking Muyun She Ethnic Township, FU'an City, Fujian Province as an Example

中文关键词: 少数民族聚居村庄  村居法律顾问  乡村振兴  乡村治理  公共法律服务

英文关键词: ethnic minority villages  village legal advisor  rural revitalization  rural governance  public legal services

中文摘要:

      “一村一法律顾问”制度是畅通我国公共法律服务的“最后一公里”，少数民族聚居村庄践行法律顾问制度有助于保障乡村振兴和发展。对福建省福安市穆云畲族乡法律顾问制度的运行情况进行深入调查，结合其他民族地区法律顾问制度的实施情况，总结少数民族聚居村庄法律顾问制度运行中存在的不足:制度设计偏离实际需求，法治规范与民族习惯存在隔阂，村委会与法律顾问配合度较差，律师服务市场性与法律顾问公益性存在冲突。建议通过优化制度设计，提高服务质量；注重培养“乡土法杰”；融合普法工作与民族文化；结合特色产业构建多元供给机制，提升一村一法律顾问制度的运行实效。

英文摘要:

      The "one village, one legal advisor system" is the "last mile" for smooth public legal services in China. Practicing the legal advisor system in ethnic minority villages helps to ensure the revitalization and development of ethnic minority villages. Through in-depth investigation of the practice of the legal advisor system in Muyun She Ethnic Township, Fu'an City, Fujian Province. Combined with the implementation of the legal advisor system in other ethnic areas, the shortcomings of the legal advisor system in ethnic minority settlement villages are summarized: The system design is deviated from actual needs; There is a gap between legal norms and ethnic customs; The coordination between the village committee and legal advisors is imbalanced; There is a conflict between the market-oriented nature of legal services and the public welfare nature of legal advisors. Therefore, it is suggested to optimize institutional design and improve service quality, emphasize the cultivation of local legal talents, integrate legal education with ethnic culture, establish a diversified supply mechanism by combining characteristic industries, improve the operational effectiveness of "one village, one legal advisor system".