新型农业经营主体脱低帮扶工作的模式与经验——基于北京市30 个低收入村案例

Mode and Experience of New Agricultural Business Entities in“Getting Rid of Low Income” Work——Based on the Cases of 30 Low-Income Villages in Beijing

中文关键词: 新型农业经营主体  脱低帮扶工作  北京市

英文关键词: new agricultural business entities  getting rid of low income and increasing income  Beijing

中文摘要:

      2016 年，北京市按照家庭年人均可支配收入低于1.116 万元的标准，认定了7.26 万个低收入户，234 个低收入村。2020 年这些低收入户、低收入村全部实现“脱低摘帽”。通过调研其中30 个低收入村的脱低增收的经验归纳出几种主要模式:“村集体+ 专业大户+ 农户”的村集体主导模式、“合作社+ 村集体+ 农户”的合作社主导模式、“公司+ 村集体+ 农户”的公司主导模式、“园区+N”的产业园区主导模式，总结其发展经验有三:一是政府基础设施投资提前到位；二是村“两委”领导班子坚强有力；三是因地制宜促进特色产业融合发展，创新利益联结机制，促进多种经营主体合作共赢。建议未来新型农业经营主体的发展要从自发到有序规划，减弱政策依赖，重视市场机制，发展过程要重视创新利益联结机制，另外，政府也要推动人才振兴，为新型农业经营主体的发展提供支撑。

英文摘要:

      By investigating the mode o“f getting rid of low income and increasing income” in 30 lowincome villages, this paper summarizes several main modes: village collective leading mode of“ village collective + large professional households + farmers”, cooperative leading mode o“f cooperative + village collective + farmers”, company leading mode o“f company + village collective + farmers” and industrial park leading mode of“ park + n”. There are three development experiences: firstly, government infrastructure investment is in place ahead of schedule; secondly, the leading groups of the two village committees are strong; thirdly, the cooperation of diversified business entities are promoted by developing featured industries according to local conditions and innovating the interest connection mechanism. It is suggested that the development of new agricultural business entities in the future should change from spontaneous to orderly planning, reduce policy dependence and attach importance to market mechanism, innovate interest connection mechanism in the development process. Besides, the government should promote talent revitalization to provide support for the development of new agricultural business entities.